AZO dyes almost exists in all colours as one of the most widely-used synthetic dyestuffs in printing technique (for textiles). It is used for dyeing and printing of natural and synthetic fibres, also for the colouring of paints, plastics and rubber.
When textiles, garments and leather articles come into direct contact with the skin, some azodyes will decompose into arylamines having carcinogenic properties (i.e. carcinogenic azodyes) when they blend with metabolite (perspiration) of human body. However, it presents great hazard if carcinogenic azodyes are absorbed by human bodies. For the purpose of clarity, there are as many as 3,000 AZO dyes in use and most of them are safe. Only about 200 azodyes are forbidden as they can be reduced to release arylamineshaving carcinogenic properties.Regulations
EU REACH Annex XVII
Oeko-Tex®Standard 100China GB 18401 National General Safety Technical Code for Textile Products
Other related regulations
Arylamines having carcinogenic properties:
|
SN |
Substance |
CAS number |
|
1 |
4-aminobiphenyl |
92-67-1 |
|
2 |
benzidine |
92-87-5 |
|
3 |
4-chloro-o-toluidine |
95-69-2 |
|
4 |
2-naphthylamine |
91-59-8 |
|
5 |
o-aminoazotoluene |
97-56-3 |
|
6 |
5-nitro-o-toluidine |
99-55-8 |
|
7 |
p-chloroaniline |
106-47-8 |
|
8 |
2,4-diaminoanisole |
615-05-4 |
|
9 |
4,4′-diaminobiphenymethane |
101-77-9 |
|
10 |
3,3′-dichlorobenzidine |
91-94-1 |
|
11 |
3,3′-dimethoxybenzidine |
119-90-4 |
|
12 |
3,3′-dimethylbenzidine |
119-93-7 |
|
13 |
3,3′-dimethy1-4,4′-diaminobiphenylmthane |
838-88-0 |
|
14 |
p-cresidine |
120-71-8 |
|
15 |
4,4′-methylene-bis-(2-chloroaniline) |
101-14-4 |
|
16 |
4,4′-oxydianiline |
101-80-4 |
|
17 |
4,4′-thiodianiline |
139-65-1 |
|
18 |
o-toluidine |
95-53-4 |
|
19 |
2,4-toluylendiamine |
95-80-7 |
|
20 |
2,4,5-trimethylaniline |
137-17-7 |
|
21 |
o-anisidine |
90-04-0 |
|
22 |
4-aminoazobenzene |
60-09-3 |
|
23 |
2,4-xylidine |
95-68-1 |
|
24 |
2,6-xylidine |
87-62-7 |
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